MONEL® alloy 400 (UNS N04400)
Ni 66.5 Cu 31.5
Overview
A Nickel-Copper alloy, resistant to sea water and steam at high temperatures as well as to salt and caustic solutions.
Alloy 400 is a nickel-copper alloy with excellent corrosion resistance in a wide variety of media. The alloy is characterized by good general corrosion resistance, good weldability and moderate to high strength. The alloy has been used in a variety of applications. It has excellent resistance to rapidly flowing brackish water or seawater. It is particularly resistant to hydrochloric and hydrofluoric acids when they are de-aerated. The alloy is slightly magnetic at room temperature. The alloy is widely used in the chemical, oil and marine industries.
Characteristics
- Corrosion resistance in an extensive range of marine and chemical environments. From pure water to nonoxidizing mineral acids, salts and alkalis.
- This alloy is more resistant to nickel under reducing conditions and more resistant than copper under oxidizing conditions, it does show however better resistance to reducing media than oxidizing.
- Good mechanical properties from subzero temperatures up to about 480C.
- Good resistance to sulfuric and hydrofluoric acids. Aeration however will result in increased corrosion rates. May be used to handle hydrochloric acid, but the presence of oxidizing salts will greatly accelerate corrosive attack.
- Resistance to neutral, alkaline and acid salts is shown, but poor resistance is found with oxidizing acid salts such as ferric chloride.
- Excellent resistance to chloride ion stress corrosion cracking.
Applications
- Feed water and steam generator tubing.
- Brine heaters, sea water scrubbers in tanker inert gas systems.
- Sulfuric acid and hydrofluoric acid alkylation plants.
- Pickling bat heating coils.
- Heat exchangers in a variety of industries.
- Transfer piping from oil refinery crude columns.
- Plant for the refining of uranium and isotope separation in the production of nuclear fuel.
- Pumps and valves used in the manufacture of perchlorethylene, chlorinated plastics.
- Monoethanolamine (MEA) reboiling tube.
- Cladding for the upper areas of oil refinery crude columns.
- Propeller and pump shafts.
Specification
Reference |
Bar |
Fasteners |
Forgings |
All Forms |
ASTM B164 |
X |
|
|
|
AMS 4674 |
X |
|
X |
|
QQ-N-281 |
X |
|
|
|
UNS N0445 |
|
|
|
X |
Machining
Machinability Ratings
| MACHINING DATA |
Carbide tools are suggested
for rates better than 50% of Type 304. |
| Machining Type |
Suggested starting rates are: |
| Single Point turning : |
Roughing - 0.15" depth, 0.015"/rev feed -175 SFM
Finishing - 0.025" depth, 0.007"/rev feed - 200 SFM |
| Drilling : |
1/4" Dia hole - 0.004"/rev feed - 60 SFM
1/2" Dia hole - 0.007"/rev feed - 60 SFM
3/4" Dia hole - 0.010"/rev feed - 60 SFM |
| Reaming : |
Feed - same as drilling - 100 SFM |
| Side and Slot Milling : |
Roughing - 0.25" depth - 0.007"/tooth feed - 125SFM
Finishing - 0.050" depth - 0.009"/tooth feed - 140SFM |
These rates are for carbide tools,
Type C-2 for roughing, drilling and reaming.
Type C-3 for finishing. |
MONEL® is a registered trademark of the INCO family of companies.
